Epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 analyzed by full genome sequences and the first case of oseltamivir-resistant strain in Myanmar 2017
Identifieur interne : 000015 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000014; suivant : 000016Epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 analyzed by full genome sequences and the first case of oseltamivir-resistant strain in Myanmar 2017
Auteurs : Su Mon Kyaw Win [Birmanie] ; Reiko Saito [Birmanie, Japon] ; Nay Chi Win [Birmanie] ; Di Ja Lasham [Birmanie] ; Yadanar Kyaw [Birmanie] ; Nay Lin [Birmanie] ; Khin Nyo Thein [Birmanie] ; Irina Chon [Japon] ; Takashi Odagiri [Japon] ; Win Thein [Birmanie] ; Latt Latt Kyaw [Birmanie] ; Ommar Swe Tin [Birmanie] ; Akihiko Saitoh [Japon] ; Tsutomu Tamura [Japon] ; Chika Hirokawa [Japon] ; Yuko Uchida [Japon] ; Takehiko Saito [Japon] ; Shinji Watanabe [Japon] ; Takato Odagiri [Japon] ; Kazuhiro Kamata [Birmanie, Japon] ; Hidekazu Osada [Birmanie, Japon] ; Clyde Dapat [Japon] ; Hisami Watanabe [Birmanie, Japon] ; Htay Htay Tin [Birmanie]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
A community outbreak of human influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus strains was observed in Myanmar in 2017. We investigated the circulation patterns, antigenicity, and drug resistance of 2017 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses from Myanmar and characterized the full genome of influenza virus strains in Myanmar from in-patients and out-patients to assess the pathogenicity of the viruses. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from out-patients and in-patients with acute respiratory tract infections in Yangon and Pyinmana City in Myanmar during January-December 2017. A total of 215 out-patients and 18 in-patients infected with A(H1N1)pdm09 were detected by virus isolation and real-time RT-PCR. Among the positive patients, 90.6% were less than 14 years old. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in Myanmar were similar to the recommended Japanese influenza vaccine strain for 2017–2018 seasons (A/Singapore/GP1908/2015) and WHO recommended 2017 southern hemisphere vaccine component (A/Michigan/45/2015). Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin sequence showed that the Myanmar strains belonged to the genetic subclade 6B.1, possessing mutations of S162N and S164T at potential antigenic sites. However, the amino acid mutation at position 222, which may enhance the severity of disease and mortality, was not found. One case with no prior history of oseltamivir treatment possessed H275Y mutated virus in neuraminidase (NA), which confers resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir with elevated IC50 values. The full genome sequence of Myanmar strains showed no difference between samples from in-patients and out-patients, suggesting no additional viral mutations associated with patient severity. Several amino acid changes were observed in PB2, PB1, and M2 of Myanmar strains when compared to the vaccine strain and other Asian strains. However, no mutations associated with pathogenicity were found in the Myanmar strains, suggesting that viral factors cannot explain the underlying reasons of the massive outbreak in Myanmar. This study reported the first detection of an oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus in Myanmar, highlighting the importance of continuous antiviral monitoring and genetic characterization of the influenza virus in Myanmar.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229601
PubMed: 32130243
PubMed Central: 7055873
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000A82
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000A82
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000009
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 001051
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 001051
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 001051
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000015
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000015
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 analyzed by full genome sequences and the first case of oseltamivir-resistant strain in Myanmar 2017</title><author><name sortKey="Kyaw Win, Su Mon" sort="Kyaw Win, Su Mon" uniqKey="Kyaw Win S" first="Su Mon" last="Kyaw Win">Su Mon Kyaw Win</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, Reiko" sort="Saito, Reiko" uniqKey="Saito R" first="Reiko" last="Saito">Reiko Saito</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Win, Nay Chi" sort="Win, Nay Chi" uniqKey="Win N" first="Nay Chi" last="Win">Nay Chi Win</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lasham, Di Ja" sort="Lasham, Di Ja" uniqKey="Lasham D" first="Di Ja" last="Lasham">Di Ja Lasham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kyaw, Yadanar" sort="Kyaw, Yadanar" uniqKey="Kyaw Y" first="Yadanar" last="Kyaw">Yadanar Kyaw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Respiratory Medicine Department, Thingangyun Sanpya General Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Respiratory Medicine Department, Thingangyun Sanpya General Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Nay" sort="Lin, Nay" uniqKey="Lin N" first="Nay" last="Lin">Nay Lin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Section, Pyinmana General Hospital, Pyinmana Township, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Section, Pyinmana General Hospital, Pyinmana Township, Nay Pyi Taw</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nay Pyi Taw</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thein, Khin Nyo" sort="Thein, Khin Nyo" uniqKey="Thein K" first="Khin Nyo" last="Thein">Khin Nyo Thein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Pediatric Ward 1, Yankin Children Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Ward 1, Yankin Children Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chon, Irina" sort="Chon, Irina" uniqKey="Chon I" first="Irina" last="Chon">Irina Chon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, Takashi" sort="Odagiri, Takashi" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="Takashi" last="Odagiri">Takashi Odagiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Infectious diseases and Immunology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Infectious diseases and Immunology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de médecine d'Iwate</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Morioka</settlement><region type="prefecture">Préfecture d'Iwate</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thein, Win" sort="Thein, Win" uniqKey="Thein W" first="Win" last="Thein">Win Thein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kyaw, Latt Latt" sort="Kyaw, Latt Latt" uniqKey="Kyaw L" first="Latt Latt" last="Kyaw">Latt Latt Kyaw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tin, Ommar Swe" sort="Tin, Ommar Swe" uniqKey="Tin O" first="Ommar Swe" last="Tin">Ommar Swe Tin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saitoh, Akihiko" sort="Saitoh, Akihiko" uniqKey="Saitoh A" first="Akihiko" last="Saitoh">Akihiko Saitoh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tamura, Tsutomu" sort="Tamura, Tsutomu" uniqKey="Tamura T" first="Tsutomu" last="Tamura">Tsutomu Tamura</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirokawa, Chika" sort="Hirokawa, Chika" uniqKey="Hirokawa C" first="Chika" last="Hirokawa">Chika Hirokawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uchida, Yuko" sort="Uchida, Yuko" uniqKey="Uchida Y" first="Yuko" last="Uchida">Yuko Uchida</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ibaraki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, Takehiko" sort="Saito, Takehiko" uniqKey="Saito T" first="Takehiko" last="Saito">Takehiko Saito</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ibaraki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, Shinji" sort="Watanabe, Shinji" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="Shinji" last="Watanabe">Shinji Watanabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, Takato" sort="Odagiri, Takato" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="Takato" last="Odagiri">Takato Odagiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamata, Kazuhiro" sort="Kamata, Kazuhiro" uniqKey="Kamata K" first="Kazuhiro" last="Kamata">Kazuhiro Kamata</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osada, Hidekazu" sort="Osada, Hidekazu" uniqKey="Osada H" first="Hidekazu" last="Osada">Hidekazu Osada</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dapat, Clyde" sort="Dapat, Clyde" uniqKey="Dapat C" first="Clyde" last="Dapat">Clyde Dapat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Miyagi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, Hisami" sort="Watanabe, Hisami" uniqKey="Watanabe H" first="Hisami" last="Watanabe">Hisami Watanabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tin, Htay Htay" sort="Tin, Htay Htay" uniqKey="Tin H" first="Htay Htay" last="Tin">Htay Htay Tin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">32130243</idno><idno type="pmc">7055873</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7055873</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7055873</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0229601</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000A82</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000A82</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000A82</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000A82</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000009</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000009</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001051</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001051</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001051</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000015</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000015</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000015</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 analyzed by full genome sequences and the first case of oseltamivir-resistant strain in Myanmar 2017</title><author><name sortKey="Kyaw Win, Su Mon" sort="Kyaw Win, Su Mon" uniqKey="Kyaw Win S" first="Su Mon" last="Kyaw Win">Su Mon Kyaw Win</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, Reiko" sort="Saito, Reiko" uniqKey="Saito R" first="Reiko" last="Saito">Reiko Saito</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Win, Nay Chi" sort="Win, Nay Chi" uniqKey="Win N" first="Nay Chi" last="Win">Nay Chi Win</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lasham, Di Ja" sort="Lasham, Di Ja" uniqKey="Lasham D" first="Di Ja" last="Lasham">Di Ja Lasham</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kyaw, Yadanar" sort="Kyaw, Yadanar" uniqKey="Kyaw Y" first="Yadanar" last="Kyaw">Yadanar Kyaw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Respiratory Medicine Department, Thingangyun Sanpya General Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Respiratory Medicine Department, Thingangyun Sanpya General Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Nay" sort="Lin, Nay" uniqKey="Lin N" first="Nay" last="Lin">Nay Lin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Section, Pyinmana General Hospital, Pyinmana Township, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Section, Pyinmana General Hospital, Pyinmana Township, Nay Pyi Taw</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nay Pyi Taw</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thein, Khin Nyo" sort="Thein, Khin Nyo" uniqKey="Thein K" first="Khin Nyo" last="Thein">Khin Nyo Thein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>Pediatric Ward 1, Yankin Children Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Pediatric Ward 1, Yankin Children Hospital, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chon, Irina" sort="Chon, Irina" uniqKey="Chon I" first="Irina" last="Chon">Irina Chon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of International Health, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, Takashi" sort="Odagiri, Takashi" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="Takashi" last="Odagiri">Takashi Odagiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Department of Microbiology, Infectious diseases and Immunology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Infectious diseases and Immunology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de médecine d'Iwate</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Morioka</settlement><region type="prefecture">Préfecture d'Iwate</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thein, Win" sort="Thein, Win" uniqKey="Thein W" first="Win" last="Thein">Win Thein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kyaw, Latt Latt" sort="Kyaw, Latt Latt" uniqKey="Kyaw L" first="Latt Latt" last="Kyaw">Latt Latt Kyaw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tin, Ommar Swe" sort="Tin, Ommar Swe" uniqKey="Tin O" first="Ommar Swe" last="Tin">Ommar Swe Tin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saitoh, Akihiko" sort="Saitoh, Akihiko" uniqKey="Saitoh A" first="Akihiko" last="Saitoh">Akihiko Saitoh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff008"><addr-line>Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tamura, Tsutomu" sort="Tamura, Tsutomu" uniqKey="Tamura T" first="Tsutomu" last="Tamura">Tsutomu Tamura</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hirokawa, Chika" sort="Hirokawa, Chika" uniqKey="Hirokawa C" first="Chika" last="Hirokawa">Chika Hirokawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff009"><addr-line>Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Virology, Niigata Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Niigata, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uchida, Yuko" sort="Uchida, Yuko" uniqKey="Uchida Y" first="Yuko" last="Uchida">Yuko Uchida</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ibaraki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, Takehiko" sort="Saito, Takehiko" uniqKey="Saito T" first="Takehiko" last="Saito">Takehiko Saito</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff010"><addr-line>Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ibaraki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, Shinji" sort="Watanabe, Shinji" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="Shinji" last="Watanabe">Shinji Watanabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, Takato" sort="Odagiri, Takato" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="Takato" last="Odagiri">Takato Odagiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff011"><addr-line>Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Tokyo</settlement><region type="région">Région de Kantō</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kamata, Kazuhiro" sort="Kamata, Kazuhiro" uniqKey="Kamata K" first="Kazuhiro" last="Kamata">Kazuhiro Kamata</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osada, Hidekazu" sort="Osada, Hidekazu" uniqKey="Osada H" first="Hidekazu" last="Osada">Hidekazu Osada</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dapat, Clyde" sort="Dapat, Clyde" uniqKey="Dapat C" first="Clyde" last="Dapat">Clyde Dapat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff013"><addr-line>Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Miyagi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, Hisami" sort="Watanabe, Hisami" uniqKey="Watanabe H" first="Hisami" last="Watanabe">Hisami Watanabe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar (IDRC), Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff012"><addr-line>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Medicine and Dentistry, Niigata University, Niigata</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Niigata</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tin, Htay Htay" sort="Tin, Htay Htay" uniqKey="Tin H" first="Htay Htay" last="Tin">Htay Htay Tin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff007"><addr-line>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region, Myanmar</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Birmanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Health Laboratory, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon, Yangon Region</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangon Region</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>A community outbreak of human influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus strains was observed in Myanmar in 2017. We investigated the circulation patterns, antigenicity, and drug resistance of 2017 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses from Myanmar and characterized the full genome of influenza virus strains in Myanmar from in-patients and out-patients to assess the pathogenicity of the viruses. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from out-patients and in-patients with acute respiratory tract infections in Yangon and Pyinmana City in Myanmar during January-December 2017. A total of 215 out-patients and 18 in-patients infected with A(H1N1)pdm09 were detected by virus isolation and real-time RT-PCR. Among the positive patients, 90.6% were less than 14 years old. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in Myanmar were similar to the recommended Japanese influenza vaccine strain for 2017–2018 seasons (A/Singapore/GP1908/2015) and WHO recommended 2017 southern hemisphere vaccine component (A/Michigan/45/2015). Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin sequence showed that the Myanmar strains belonged to the genetic subclade 6B.1, possessing mutations of S162N and S164T at potential antigenic sites. However, the amino acid mutation at position 222, which may enhance the severity of disease and mortality, was not found. One case with no prior history of oseltamivir treatment possessed H275Y mutated virus in neuraminidase (NA), which confers resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir with elevated IC<sub>50</sub> values. The full genome sequence of Myanmar strains showed no difference between samples from in-patients and out-patients, suggesting no additional viral mutations associated with patient severity. Several amino acid changes were observed in PB2, PB1, and M2 of Myanmar strains when compared to the vaccine strain and other Asian strains. However, no mutations associated with pathogenicity were found in the Myanmar strains, suggesting that viral factors cannot explain the underlying reasons of the massive outbreak in Myanmar. This study reported the first detection of an oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus in Myanmar, highlighting the importance of continuous antiviral monitoring and genetic characterization of the influenza virus in Myanmar.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shao, W" uniqKey="Shao W">W Shao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, X" uniqKey="Li X">X Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goraya, Mu" uniqKey="Goraya M">MU Goraya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, S" uniqKey="Wang S">S Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Jl" uniqKey="Chen J">JL Chen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mills, Ce" uniqKey="Mills C">CE Mills</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robins, Jm" uniqKey="Robins J">JM Robins</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lipsitch, M" uniqKey="Lipsitch M">M Lipsitch</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Biggerstaff, M" uniqKey="Biggerstaff M">M Biggerstaff</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cauchemez, S" uniqKey="Cauchemez S">S Cauchemez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reed, C" uniqKey="Reed C">C Reed</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gambhir, M" uniqKey="Gambhir M">M Gambhir</name></author><author><name sortKey="Finelli, L" uniqKey="Finelli L">L Finelli</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Graham, M" uniqKey="Graham M">M Graham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liang, B" uniqKey="Liang B">B Liang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Domselaar, G" uniqKey="Van Domselaar G">G Van Domselaar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bastien, N" uniqKey="Bastien N">N Bastien</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beaudoin, C" uniqKey="Beaudoin C">C Beaudoin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tyler, S" uniqKey="Tyler S">S Tyler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dapat, C" uniqKey="Dapat C">C Dapat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, R" uniqKey="Saito R">R Saito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kyaw, Y" uniqKey="Kyaw Y">Y Kyaw</name></author><author><name sortKey="Naito, M" uniqKey="Naito M">M Naito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hasegawa, G" uniqKey="Hasegawa G">G Hasegawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, Y" uniqKey="Suzuki Y">Y Suzuki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Htwe, Ktz" uniqKey="Htwe K">KTZ Htwe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dapat, C" uniqKey="Dapat C">C Dapat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shobugawa, Y" uniqKey="Shobugawa Y">Y Shobugawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, T" uniqKey="Odagiri T">T Odagiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hibino, A" uniqKey="Hibino A">A Hibino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, H" uniqKey="Kondo H">H Kondo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dapat, C" uniqKey="Dapat C">C Dapat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, R" uniqKey="Saito R">R Saito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kyaw, Y" uniqKey="Kyaw Y">Y Kyaw</name></author><author><name sortKey="Myint, Yy" uniqKey="Myint Y">YY Myint</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oo, Hn" uniqKey="Oo H">HN Oo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oo, Ky" uniqKey="Oo K">KY Oo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, Y" uniqKey="Suzuki Y">Y Suzuki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, R" uniqKey="Saito R">R Saito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sato, I" uniqKey="Sato I">I Sato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zaraket, H" uniqKey="Zaraket H">H Zaraket</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishikawa, M" uniqKey="Nishikawa M">M Nishikawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tamura, T" uniqKey="Tamura T">T Tamura</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zaraket, H" uniqKey="Zaraket H">H Zaraket</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, H" uniqKey="Kondo H">H Kondo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hibino, A" uniqKey="Hibino A">A Hibino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yagami, R" uniqKey="Yagami R">R Yagami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, T" uniqKey="Odagiri T">T Odagiri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Takemae, N" uniqKey="Takemae N">N Takemae</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chon, I" uniqKey="Chon I">I Chon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, R" uniqKey="Saito R">R Saito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hibino, A" uniqKey="Hibino A">A Hibino</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yagami, R" uniqKey="Yagami R">R Yagami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dapat, C" uniqKey="Dapat C">C Dapat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Odagiri, T" uniqKey="Odagiri T">T Odagiri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nakamura, K" uniqKey="Nakamura K">K Nakamura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shirakura, M" uniqKey="Shirakura M">M Shirakura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fujisaki, S" uniqKey="Fujisaki S">S Fujisaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kishida, N" uniqKey="Kishida N">N Kishida</name></author><author><name sortKey="Burke, Df" uniqKey="Burke D">DF Burke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Dj" uniqKey="Smith D">DJ Smith</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pandey, S" uniqKey="Pandey S">S Pandey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sahu, M" uniqKey="Sahu M">M Sahu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Potdar, V" uniqKey="Potdar V">V Potdar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barde, P" uniqKey="Barde P">P Barde</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sarmah, K" uniqKey="Sarmah K">K Sarmah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Borkakoty, B" uniqKey="Borkakoty B">B Borkakoty</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sarma, K" uniqKey="Sarma K">K Sarma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hazarika, R" uniqKey="Hazarika R">R Hazarika</name></author><author><name sortKey="Das, Pk" uniqKey="Das P">PK Das</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jakharia, A" uniqKey="Jakharia A">A Jakharia</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mukherjee, A" uniqKey="Mukherjee A">A Mukherjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nayak, Mk" uniqKey="Nayak M">MK Nayak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dutta, S" uniqKey="Dutta S">S Dutta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Panda, S" uniqKey="Panda S">S Panda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Satpathi, Br" uniqKey="Satpathi B">BR Satpathi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chawla Sarkar, M" uniqKey="Chawla Sarkar M">M Chawla-Sarkar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tandel, K" uniqKey="Tandel K">K Tandel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sharma, S" uniqKey="Sharma S">S Sharma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dash, Pk" uniqKey="Dash P">PK Dash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parida, M" uniqKey="Parida M">M Parida</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tamura, K" uniqKey="Tamura K">K Tamura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stecher, G" uniqKey="Stecher G">G Stecher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peterson, D" uniqKey="Peterson D">D Peterson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Filipski, A" uniqKey="Filipski A">A Filipski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, S" uniqKey="Kumar S">S Kumar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dong, G" uniqKey="Dong G">G Dong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peng, C" uniqKey="Peng C">C Peng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, J" uniqKey="Luo J">J Luo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, C" uniqKey="Wang C">C Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Han, L" uniqKey="Han L">L Han</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, B" uniqKey="Wu B">B Wu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jagadesh, A" uniqKey="Jagadesh A">A Jagadesh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krishnan, A" uniqKey="Krishnan A">A Krishnan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nair, S" uniqKey="Nair S">S Nair</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sivadas, S" uniqKey="Sivadas S">S Sivadas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arunkumar, G" uniqKey="Arunkumar G">G Arunkumar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Barde, Pv" uniqKey="Barde P">PV Barde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sahu, M" uniqKey="Sahu M">M Sahu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shukla, Mk" uniqKey="Shukla M">MK Shukla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bharti, Pk" uniqKey="Bharti P">PK Bharti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sharma, Rk" uniqKey="Sharma R">RK Sharma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sahare, Lk" uniqKey="Sahare L">LK Sahare</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kilander, A" uniqKey="Kilander A">A Kilander</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rykkvin, R" uniqKey="Rykkvin R">R Rykkvin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dudman, Sg" uniqKey="Dudman S">SG Dudman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hungnes, O" uniqKey="Hungnes O">O Hungnes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, Y" uniqKey="Liu Y">Y Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Childs, Ra" uniqKey="Childs R">RA Childs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matrosovich, T" uniqKey="Matrosovich T">T Matrosovich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wharton, S" uniqKey="Wharton S">S Wharton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palma, As" uniqKey="Palma A">AS Palma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chai, W" uniqKey="Chai W">W Chai</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kash, Jc" uniqKey="Kash J">JC Kash</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taubenberger, Jk" uniqKey="Taubenberger J">JK Taubenberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ruuskanen, O" uniqKey="Ruuskanen O">O Ruuskanen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lahti, E" uniqKey="Lahti E">E Lahti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jennings, Lc" uniqKey="Jennings L">LC Jennings</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murdoch, Dr" uniqKey="Murdoch D">DR Murdoch</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Macintyre, Cr" uniqKey="Macintyre C">CR MacIntyre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chughtai, Aa" uniqKey="Chughtai A">AA Chughtai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barnes, M" uniqKey="Barnes M">M Barnes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ridda, I" uniqKey="Ridda I">I Ridda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seale, H" uniqKey="Seale H">H Seale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Toms, R" uniqKey="Toms R">R Toms</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hurt, Ac" uniqKey="Hurt A">AC Hurt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Rt" uniqKey="Lee R">RT Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leang, Sk" uniqKey="Leang S">SK Leang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cui, L" uniqKey="Cui L">L Cui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, Ym" uniqKey="Deng Y">YM Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phuah, Sp" uniqKey="Phuah S">SP Phuah</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lackenby, A" uniqKey="Lackenby A">A Lackenby</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moran Gilad, J" uniqKey="Moran Gilad J">J Moran Gilad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pebody, R" uniqKey="Pebody R">R Pebody</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miah, S" uniqKey="Miah S">S Miah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Calatayud, L" uniqKey="Calatayud L">L Calatayud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bolotin, S" uniqKey="Bolotin S">S Bolotin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gubareva, Lv" uniqKey="Gubareva L">LV Gubareva</name></author><author><name sortKey="Besselaar, Tg" uniqKey="Besselaar T">TG Besselaar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daniels, Rs" uniqKey="Daniels R">RS Daniels</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fry, A" uniqKey="Fry A">A Fry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gregory, V" uniqKey="Gregory V">V Gregory</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, W" uniqKey="Huang W">W Huang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tewawong, N" uniqKey="Tewawong N">N Tewawong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vichiwattana, P" uniqKey="Vichiwattana P">P Vichiwattana</name></author><author><name sortKey="Korkong, S" uniqKey="Korkong S">S Korkong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klinfueng, S" uniqKey="Klinfueng S">S Klinfueng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suntronwong, N" uniqKey="Suntronwong N">N Suntronwong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thongmee, T" uniqKey="Thongmee T">T Thongmee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Birmanie</li><li>Japon</li></country><region><li>Préfecture d'Iwate</li><li>Région de Kantō</li></region><settlement><li>Morioka</li><li>Tokyo</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de médecine d'Iwate</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Birmanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kyaw Win, Su Mon" sort="Kyaw Win, Su Mon" uniqKey="Kyaw Win S" first="Su Mon" last="Kyaw Win">Su Mon Kyaw Win</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kamata, Kazuhiro" sort="Kamata, Kazuhiro" uniqKey="Kamata K" first="Kazuhiro" last="Kamata">Kazuhiro Kamata</name><name sortKey="Kyaw, Latt Latt" sort="Kyaw, Latt Latt" uniqKey="Kyaw L" first="Latt Latt" last="Kyaw">Latt Latt Kyaw</name><name sortKey="Kyaw, Yadanar" sort="Kyaw, Yadanar" uniqKey="Kyaw Y" first="Yadanar" last="Kyaw">Yadanar Kyaw</name><name sortKey="Lasham, Di Ja" sort="Lasham, Di Ja" uniqKey="Lasham D" first="Di Ja" last="Lasham">Di Ja Lasham</name><name sortKey="Lin, Nay" sort="Lin, Nay" uniqKey="Lin N" first="Nay" last="Lin">Nay Lin</name><name sortKey="Osada, Hidekazu" sort="Osada, Hidekazu" uniqKey="Osada H" first="Hidekazu" last="Osada">Hidekazu Osada</name><name sortKey="Saito, Reiko" sort="Saito, Reiko" uniqKey="Saito R" first="Reiko" last="Saito">Reiko Saito</name><name sortKey="Thein, Khin Nyo" sort="Thein, Khin Nyo" uniqKey="Thein K" first="Khin Nyo" last="Thein">Khin Nyo Thein</name><name sortKey="Thein, Win" sort="Thein, Win" uniqKey="Thein W" first="Win" last="Thein">Win Thein</name><name sortKey="Tin, Htay Htay" sort="Tin, Htay Htay" uniqKey="Tin H" first="Htay Htay" last="Tin">Htay Htay Tin</name><name sortKey="Tin, Ommar Swe" sort="Tin, Ommar Swe" uniqKey="Tin O" first="Ommar Swe" last="Tin">Ommar Swe Tin</name><name sortKey="Watanabe, Hisami" sort="Watanabe, Hisami" uniqKey="Watanabe H" first="Hisami" last="Watanabe">Hisami Watanabe</name><name sortKey="Win, Nay Chi" sort="Win, Nay Chi" uniqKey="Win N" first="Nay Chi" last="Win">Nay Chi Win</name></country><country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Saito, Reiko" sort="Saito, Reiko" uniqKey="Saito R" first="Reiko" last="Saito">Reiko Saito</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chon, Irina" sort="Chon, Irina" uniqKey="Chon I" first="Irina" last="Chon">Irina Chon</name><name sortKey="Dapat, Clyde" sort="Dapat, Clyde" uniqKey="Dapat C" first="Clyde" last="Dapat">Clyde Dapat</name><name sortKey="Hirokawa, Chika" sort="Hirokawa, Chika" uniqKey="Hirokawa C" first="Chika" last="Hirokawa">Chika Hirokawa</name><name sortKey="Kamata, Kazuhiro" sort="Kamata, Kazuhiro" uniqKey="Kamata K" first="Kazuhiro" last="Kamata">Kazuhiro Kamata</name><name sortKey="Odagiri, Takashi" sort="Odagiri, Takashi" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="Takashi" last="Odagiri">Takashi Odagiri</name><name sortKey="Odagiri, Takato" sort="Odagiri, Takato" uniqKey="Odagiri T" first="Takato" last="Odagiri">Takato Odagiri</name><name sortKey="Osada, Hidekazu" sort="Osada, Hidekazu" uniqKey="Osada H" first="Hidekazu" last="Osada">Hidekazu Osada</name><name sortKey="Saito, Takehiko" sort="Saito, Takehiko" uniqKey="Saito T" first="Takehiko" last="Saito">Takehiko Saito</name><name sortKey="Saitoh, Akihiko" sort="Saitoh, Akihiko" uniqKey="Saitoh A" first="Akihiko" last="Saitoh">Akihiko Saitoh</name><name sortKey="Tamura, Tsutomu" sort="Tamura, Tsutomu" uniqKey="Tamura T" first="Tsutomu" last="Tamura">Tsutomu Tamura</name><name sortKey="Uchida, Yuko" sort="Uchida, Yuko" uniqKey="Uchida Y" first="Yuko" last="Uchida">Yuko Uchida</name><name sortKey="Watanabe, Hisami" sort="Watanabe, Hisami" uniqKey="Watanabe H" first="Hisami" last="Watanabe">Hisami Watanabe</name><name sortKey="Watanabe, Shinji" sort="Watanabe, Shinji" uniqKey="Watanabe S" first="Shinji" last="Watanabe">Shinji Watanabe</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/H2N2V1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000015 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000015 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= H2N2V1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:7055873
|texte= Epidemic of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 analyzed by full genome sequences and the first case of oseltamivir-resistant strain in Myanmar 2017
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:32130243" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a H2N2V1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |